PSG has now won the prestigious cup on 14 separate occasions.
Paris Saint-Germain required a stoppage-time equaliser followed by a successful penalty shootout to overcome Marseille in Kuwait and secure a record-extending fourth consecutive French Super Cup victory.
The Champions League holders appeared to be coasting towards a comfortable win in the showdown between the Ligue 1 champions and the Coupe de France holders after the French winger found the net in the opening stages.
Yet, Marseille struck two times late to take a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the spot-kick, before the defender unfortunately directed the ball into his own net for an own goal.
In a breathtaking turn of events, the Portuguese striker snatched a vital leveler in the dying seconds to force the contest into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving decisive attempts from O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, the midfielder, the full-back, and Desire Doue all scored with composure for Paris Saint-Germain to complete a 4-1 penalty victory.
The record winners Paris Saint-Germain, who faced last season's Ligue 1 second-placed team Olympique de Marseille after completing a league and cup double, have now won this trophy for the twelfth time in the last 13 years.